One of them, Necho of Sais, ruled briefly as the first king of the 26th dynasty before being killed by the Kushite leader Tanuatamun, in a final, unsuccessful grab for power. Persian rulers such as Darius B. The tyrannical rule of Xerxes B. One of these rebellions triumphed in B. In the mid-fourth century B. Barely a decade later, in B. The conquest of Egypt by the Arabs in the seventh century A. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! Subscribe for fascinating stories connecting the past to the present.
King Tutankhamun or Tutankhamen ruled Egypt as pharaoh for 10 years until his death at age 19, around B. The term Ancient, or Archaic, Greece refers to the years B.
Archaic Greece saw advances in art, poetry and technology, but is known as the age in which the polis, or city-state, was The amazing works of art and architecture known as the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World serve as a testament to the ingenuity, imagination and sheer hard work of which human beings are capable. They are also, however, reminders of the human capacity for disagreement, Beginning in the eighth century B. Among the many legacies Who was King Tutankhamun, the occupant of the burial chamber who ruled 3, After almost a decade of painstaking work, conservators in Egypt have revealed the newly revamped tomb of Tutankhamen, better known as King Tut.
In addition to cleaning and restoring the paintings that adorn the walls of the tomb, the combined efforts of the Getty Conservation In around B. Most of all, Pericles paid artisans to build temples The Egyptian pyramids are some of the most incredible man-made structures in history. More than 4, years after their construction, the pyramids still stand as some of the most important and mysterious tombs in the world. Their design remains a true testament Cleopatra was not Egyptian.
But while she was born in Alexandria, Cleopatra was actually part of a long line of Greek Macedonians originally descended from Ptolemy I, one Live TV. This Day In History. History Vault. Predynastic Period c. Archaic Early Dynastic Period c. Old Kingdom: Age of the Pyramid Builders c. Manetho , a scribe in the fourth century B. Early Period , B.
First and second dynasties Old Kingdom , B. Third to sixth dynasties First Intermediate Period , B. Seventh to tenth dynasties Middle Kingdom , B. Fourteenth to seventeenth dynasties New Kingdom , B. Eighteenth to twentieth dynasties Third Intermediate Period , B. Why the Old Kingdom collapsed is a matter of debate among scholars, with recent research indicating that drought and climate change played a significant role. During this time other cities and civilizations in the Middle East also collapsed, with evidence at archaeological sites indicating that a period of drought and arid climate hit sites across the Middle East.
Dynasties 12, 13, as well as part of the 11 th are often called the "Middle Kingdom" by scholars and lasted from ca. At the start of this dynasty, a ruler named Mentuhotep II who reigned until about B. Among the surviving texts is the Edwin Smith surgical papyrus, which includes a variety of medical treatments that modern-day medical doctors have hailed as being advanced for their time.
Dynasties are often lumped into the "second intermediate period" by modern-day scholars. During this time central government again collapsed in Egypt, with part of the country being occupied by the "Hyksos" a group from the Levant an area that encompasses modern-day Israel, Palestine, Lebanon, Jordan and Syria. One gruesome find from this time period is a series of severed hands , cut off from their human victims, which were found at a palace at the city of Avaris, the capital of Hyksos-controlled Egypt.
The cut-off hands may have been presented by soldiers to a ruler in exchange for gold. Scholars often refer to dynasties as encompassing the "New Kingdom," a period that lasted ca.
This time period takes place after the Hyksos had been driven out of Egypt by a series of Egyptian rulers and the country was reunited. Perhaps the most famous archaeological site from this time period is the Valley of the Kings , which holds the burial sites of many Egyptian rulers from this time period, including that of Tutankhamun reign ca.
Dynasties a period from ca. The central government was sometimes weak during this time period and the country was not always united. During this time cities and civilizations across the Middle East had been destroyed by a wave of people from the Aegean , whom modern-day scholars sometimes call the "Sea Peoples.
Dynasties date ca. Egypt was sometimes under the control of foreign powers during this period. The rulers of the 25 th dynasty were from Nubia, an area now located in southern Egypt and northern Sudan. The Persians and Assyrians also controlled Egypt at different times during the late period. In B. Alexander the Great drove the Persians out of Egypt and incorporated the country into the Macedonian Empire. C after the defeat of her forces by the Roman emperor Augustus at the Battle of Actium.
After her death, Egypt was incorporated into the Roman Empire. Although the Roman emperors were based in Rome, the Egyptians treated them as pharaohs. One recently excavated carving shows the emperor Claudius reign A. One of the most important was Osiris, god of the underworld. Abydos was an important cult center for him and numerous temples and shrines were constructed at the site in his honor.
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